性描写诌议

性不仅难写，而且什么叫写得好，都没法定义。因为要想定义“好”，必须先弄清为什么要写性。这是写性的首要问题。对此，每个人的答案都会有所不同。狡黠的人，例如王小波，会说性在那儿；高尚的人，例如李银河，会说性即人性；美女作家会说性就是美；小报的老板会说性就是钱。这些目的，在我看来，都同等光明，一样磊落，不分档次高低，无须厚此薄彼。 

为这么多不同的目的去写性，结果自然大相径庭，好坏便不能用一个标准来衡量。比如，为了赚钱而写性，就无关道德宏旨，只是技术问题。然而，也不能小看了这个“只是”。要写到让那等多情男种读了，欲火攻心，恨不得马上打手枪，或者招妓女，也不是一件容易的事情。现在的人，见得多了，不是光靠写活塞运动就能拉住人眼球的。小报和网上有成千上万这类故事，可大都文笔低劣，不堪卒读。 

为了文学而写性，除了技术问题，还有道德问题。曾读过一篇网文，作者写道：“记得大学时有一傻B教授跟我们大侃《废都》，大言不惭的说，‘如果一篇小说中没有一个接吻的表述，这才算得上是真正的文学，所以贾平凹我是不喜欢的！’”（《性与文学》，会飞的猪）。 有这样的教授坐镇文学权威交椅，一些作者写起性来不免躲躲闪闪，对性心理的刻画便很不到位。例如《寻找浪漫》（文章）里有下面一段描写： 

“他冲了个澡也爬上床，‘你今天这么早上床是不是有点‘那个’意思啊？’‘你别臭美！’陈欣脸有点红。‘别不好意思啦，老婆大人。本官这里已是箭在弦上，伺机待发了。’郑子榕知道陈欣这么说就是默认了，一把夺过她的书扔到地上，整个身体压过去，捉住了陈欣湿润的嘴唇，顺手拉灭了床头的台灯…… 

这两人是四十大几奔五十的夫妻。结婚十几年了，按“一个星期一次还嫌不够”来统计，性交次数大于1000。千锤百炼，怎么还会脸红？还“别不好意思”？  

这也不能怪《寻找浪漫》的作者，即使历史上那些古典文学大师，对付性描写，大都也是无能为力的，所以竭力回避，实在绕不过去时，就作语焉不详状。比如托尔斯泰，他这样描写安娜·卡列尼娜失身于弗龙斯基时的情景： 

“于是好像谋杀犯狂暴地、又似热情地扑到尸体上去：拖着它，把它砍断一样，他（弗龙斯基）在她（安娜·卡列尼娜）的脸上和肩膊上印满了亲吻。她握住他的手，没有动一动。是的，这些接吻——这就是用那羞耻换来的东西。是的，还有一只手，那将永远属于我了……我的同谋者的手。她举起那只手，吻着它。他跪下去，竭力想看她的脸；但是她把脸遮掩起来，没有说一句话。” 

只有隐讳的暗示，无一字涉及性。须等几页以后，看到安娜·卡列尼娜怀孕了，读者方才领会到大师在几页之前那段文字里所隐藏的“深”意。其实，在安娜·卡列尼娜 “把脸遮掩起来，没有说一句话”时，她是弗龙斯基的心中乃至读者心中一个完美的女人。如果接下来写一段适当的性描写，是不是有助于把安娜·卡列尼娜的柔美推到更高的层次？从而更加彰显其人格的悲剧？床第是个禁区，人性的美和丑，止于床沿。这就是大师们遵循的原则。相比之下，池莉在《来来往往》对“第一次”就写得很潇洒，因而也出色得多： 

“就在这年的冬天里，一个星期六的晚上，段莉娜因为她的父母去了外地而特意把康伟业叫来陪伴她。晚饭后，下雪了，是那种可爱的私语般悄悄而又绵密的大雪。他们在暖气洋洋的房间里隔着窗玻璃看雪，聊一些关于雪的闲话。段莉娜不住地嚷热。她双颊彤红，两眼粼粼闪光，一会儿脱一件外套，一会儿脱一件毛衣，后来脱得只剩下一件贴身的粉红色球衣，她处女之身那温热诱人的神秘气息一阵又一阵地扑向康伟业。康伟业不禁浑身发热，冲动难耐，望着段莉娜错不开眼珠。两人一番挑逗，一番推就，半真半假，试试探探，竟然慌里慌张，拉拉扯扯地把男女之事做了。事毕，段莉娜仿佛突然醒悟他们做了不该做的事情，她羞得把脸久久地埋在枕头上，呜呜地痛哭。康伟业的感觉糟糕得一塌糊涂。他想他可能做下了一件巨大的后果不堪设想的愚蠢事情。他想：该哭的应该是我。” 

“第一次”以后，该哭的应该是男人——那个时代的男人! 这是多么精当的心理描述！ 而且出自一个女作家之手！ 

时下的评论家们对于性描写还有一种流行的观点：性描写要自然，不要有挑逗性。例如何多写道：“王小波笔下的性极其自然、干净，充满健康的人性；他笔下的性没有丝毫的挑逗与煽情；他笔下的性，摆脱了低级趣味，还性以自然生命力的本来面目。” 

真的是这样吗？让我们来看一看王小波在《黄金时代》里究竟是怎样写的： 

“陈清扬说，我居然在她面前亮出了丑恶的男性生殖器，丝毫不感到惭愧。那玩艺也不感到惭愧，直挺挺地从她两腿之间插了进来。因为女孩子身上有这么个口子，男人就要使用她，这简直没有道理。我伸手去触她的乳头，直到她脸上泛起红晕，乳房坚挺。忽然她从迷梦里醒来，羞得满脸通红。于是她紧紧地抱住我。陈清扬的呻吟就像泛滥的洪水，在屋里蔓延。我为此所惊，伏下身不动。可是她说，快，混蛋，还拧我的腿。等我‘快’了以后，阵阵震颤就像从地心传来。忽然之间我从头顶到尾骨一齐收紧，开始极其猛烈的射精。”

可以看出，王小波的性描写特点是，避免使用阴茎、阴道等生殖器官的解剖学名词。实在躲不过去时，就用“男性生殖器”和“那玩艺”表示“阴茎”，用“口子”表示“阴道”。除此之外，他的描写和商业小报里常见的性专栏无多大区别，例如下面这段：

老板把我推倒在床上，急乎乎地插进，抽送，四浅一深，同时用手抚弄我的乳房。每当他用力深插，我就浪叫，乳房随着他的律动而起舞。我用双手紧紧地抓住床单，欢快地呻吟。他的抽送越来越猛。忽然，紧紧地，他抱住我，一阵颤抖，在我体内射出一股一股又浓又烫的精液，令我一阵阵腾云驾雾，登上快乐的巅峰。（《店里店外偷腥人》，德国华商报，桃花专栏，2004年5月1日）。

我们不禁要问，在教育普及的今天，难道尽人皆知的生殖器官，到了小说里，真的如此难于启口吗？让我们来看看Frank Harris在1922年出版的《My Life & Loves》中是怎样处理的：Then I loosened my trowsers, unbuttoned the front and pulled up my shirt: a little later Kate put her lovely face in at the door and slipped inside. I shot the bolt and began kissing her : girls are strange mortals: she had taken off her corsets just as I had put a towel handy. I lifted up her clothes and touched her sex, caressing it gently while kissing her; in a moment or two her love-milk came.

I lifted her up on the bed, pushed down my trowsers, anointed my prick with the cream and then parting her legs and getting her to pull her knees up, I drew her bottom to the edge of the bed: she frowned at that but I explained quickly, “It may give you a little pain, at first, dear; and I want to give you as little as possible” and I slipped the head of my cock gently, slowly into her. Even greased her pussy was very tight and at the very entrance, I felt the obstacle, her maidenhead in the way: I lay on her and kissed her and let her or Mother Nature help me. As soon as Kate found that I was leaving it to her, she pushed forward boldly and the obstacle yielded: “0 — 0″ she cried and then pushed forward again roughly and my organ went in her to the hilt and her clitoris must have felt my belly. Resolutely I refrained from thrusting or withdrawing for a minute or two and then drew out slowly to her lips and as I pushed Tommy gently in again, she leaned up and kissed me passionately. Slowly with extremest care I governed myself and pushed in and out with long, slow thrusts though I longed, longed to plunge it in hard and quicken the strokes as much as possible; but I knew from Mrs. Mayhew that the long, gentle thrusts and slow withdrawals were the aptest to excite a woman’s passion and I was determined to win Kate. 

In two or three minutes she had again let down a flow of love-juice or so I believed and I kept right on with the love-game, knowing that the first experience is never forgotten by a girl and resolved to keep on to dinner-time if necessary to make her first love-joust ever memorable to her. Kate lasted longer than Mrs. Mayhew: I came ever so many times, passing ever more slowly from orgasm to orgasm before she began to move to me; but at length her breath began to get shorter and shorter and she held me to her violently, moving her pussy the while up and down harshly against my manroot. Suddenly she re laxed and fell back: there was no hysteria; but plainly I could feel the mouth of her womb fasten on my cock as if to suck it. That excited me fiercely and for the first time I indulged in quick, hard thrusts till a spasm of intensest pleasure shook me and my seed spirted or seemed to spirt for the sixth or seventh time.

When I had finished kissing and praising my lovely partner and drew away, I was horrified: the bed was a sheet of blood and some had gone on my pants: Kate’s thighs and legs even were all incarnidined, making the lovely ivory white of her skin, one red. You may imagine how softly I used the towel on her legs and sex before I showed her the results of our love-passage. To my astonishment she was unaffected: “You must take the sheet away and burn it”, she said, “or drop it in the river: I guess it won’t be the first.”

“Did it hurt very much”, I asked.

“At first a good deal”, she replied, “but soon the pleasure overpowered the smart and I would not even forget the pain: I love you so: I am not even afraid of consequences with you: I trust you absolutely and love to trust you and run whatever risks you wish.”

“You darling!” I cried, “I don’t believe there will be any consequences; but I want you to go to the basin and use this syringe: I’ll tell you why afterwards.”

At once she went over to the basin: “I feel funny, weak”, she said, “as if I were — I can’t describe it — shaky on my legs. I’m glad now I don’t wear drawers in summer: they’d get wet.” Her ablutions completed and the sheet withdrawn and done up in paper, I shot back the bolt and we began our talk.

写性而无挑逗性，是不可能的，即使像《寻找浪漫》里的感叹号“……”，也会引起读者的性幻想。我下放时有个插友，冬天的早上，赖着不起床，拿着《赤脚医生手册》在被窝里手淫。这还不算什么，那时有些青少年犯流氓罪、强奸罪，原因据说就是读了《赤脚医生手册》。 “文革”时，公安局宣判罪犯的布告，绝对不是为了挑逗老百姓吧？可是，人们仍然能从宣判布告中挖掘出性来，津津有味地欣赏。

可见，写不写性，如何写，取决于作者，而有没有挑逗性，则取决于读者，是不依赖于作者的意志为转移的。所以，写性就是写性，无所谓自然不自然，干净不干净，关键是看你写得好不好，有没有独到之处。

结论：就我的阅读范围来说, 最好的性描写, 当属Frank Harris的《My Life & Loves》，有志于在小说里挑战性描写界限的作者不可不读。（2004-10-30）